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University of Montana Catalog 2026-2027

Earth, Water, and Climate Science B.S.

The B.S. in Earth, Water, and Climate Science is a STEM degree for students who want to use evidence-based knowledge to address Earth’s grand challenges, including global climate change, water and mineral resource availability and sustainability, natural hazards, and shifting global energy resources. Students gain skills in critical thinking, problem solving, technical communication, modern field techniques and data analysis. Coursework includes topics related to the natural history of the Earth, processes that shape Earth’s surface and its water and climate systems, the distribution and inventory of resources and the impacts those processes have on Earth’s inhabitants and the environment. Students completing this degree can take the knowledge and skills developed to professional careers in natural resources, Earth or environmental sciences, graduate school, or any future career or professional experience where critical thinking, data analysis, and communication are required. This degree is for students who seek post-graduate employment as professional geoscientists, hydrologists, and environmental/climate scientists working with federal, state, or local government or environmental consulting agencies. This degree also serves as excellent preparation for graduate study in Earth, water, and climate science and related fields.

General Degree Requirements

To earn a baccalaureate degree, all students must complete successfully, in addition to any other requirements, the University of Montana General Education Requirements. Please refer to the General Education Requirements page for more information. 

Additional requirements for graduation can be found on the Degree/Certificate Requirements for Graduation page

Unless otherwise noted in individual program requirements, a minimum grade point average of 2.00 in all work attempted at the University of Montana-Missoula is required for graduation. Please see the Academic Policies and Procedures page for information on how your GPA is calculated.

Courses taken to satisfy the requirements of a major, minor, or certificate program must be completed with a grade of C- or better unless a higher grade is noted in the program requirements.

Bachelor of Science - Earth, Water, and Climate Science

Course Requirements

Lower-Division Core
Complete one of the following courses:4
Earth Systems Science
and Earth Systems Science Lab
Natural Disasters
and Earth Systems Science Lab
Complete all of the following courses:
ERTH 194Getting to Know Earth, Water, and Climate Science1
GEO 201The Rocky Planet4
GEO 202The Water Planet4
Upper-Division Core
Complete all of the following courses:
GEO 323Computational Methods for Earth and Environmental Scientists3
GEO 428Field Methods: Earth, Water, and Climate Science3
Upper-Division Electives
Earth Science
Complete two of the following courses: 6-8
Mineralogy and Optical Mineralogy
Igneous & Metamorph Petrology
Sedimentation/Stratigraphy
Earth Resources and Sustainability
Geophysics
Principles of Sedimentary Petrology
Water Science
Complete two of the following courses. At least one must be a Geosciences (GEO) course. 6-8
Global Water Crises
Hydrogeology
Hydrology
Process Geomorphology
Watershed Hydrology
Climate Science
Complete 3 credits of the following courses: 3
Weather and Climate
Earth's Changing Climate
Energy and the Environment
Snow, Ice and Climate Change
Natural Climate Solutions
Upper-Division Experiential Learning
Complete 3 credits of the following courses: 3
Getting Started in Research
Independent Study
Careers in Geosciences
Internship
Senior Thesis/Capstone
Cognate Sciences
Physics
Complete one of the following sequences: 10
Algebra- and Trigonometry-based Physics:
College Physics I
and College Physics I Laboratory
College Physics II
and College Physics II Laboratory
Calculus-based Physics:
Physics I with Calculus
and Physics I with Calculus Lab
Physics II with Calculus
and Physics II with Calculus Lab
Chemistry
Complete one of the following: 3-5
Introduction to General Chemistry
College Chemistry I
and College Chemistry I Lab
Mathematics and Statistics
Complete all of the following courses:
M 171Calculus I4
M 172Calculus II4
or STAT 216 Introduction to Statistics
Computer Science
Complete the following course:
CSCI 150Introduction to Computer Science3
Total Hours61-67

Four Year Plan

Plan of Study Grid
Freshman
AutumnHours
ERTH 101N Earth Systems Science 3
ERTH 103N Earth Systems Science Lab 1
ERTH 194 Getting to Know Earth, Water, and Climate Science 1
M 171 Calculus I (or appropriate prereq) 4
CSCI 150 Introduction to Computer Science 3
General Education Requirement / Elective 3
 Hours15
Spring
CHMY 121N
Introduction to General Chemistry
or College Chemistry I and College Chemistry I Lab
4
M 172
Calculus II
or Introduction to Statistics
4
General Education Requirement / Elective 8
 Hours16
Sophomore
Autumn
GEO 201 The Rocky Planet 4
PHSX 205N
College Physics I
or Fundamentals of Physics with Calculus I
4
PHSX 206N
College Physics I Laboratory (take with corresponding course)
or Physics Laboratory I with Calculus
1
General Education Requirement / Elective 6
 Hours15
Spring
GEO 202 The Water Planet 4
PHSX 207N
College Physics II
or Fundamentals of Physics with Calculus II
4
PHSX 208N
College Physics II Laboratory
or Physics Laboratory II with Calculus
1
General Education Requirement / Elective 6
 Hours15
Junior
Autumn
GEO 323 Computational Methods for Earth and Environmental Scientists 3
Upper Division Elective 6
General Education Requirement / Elective 6
 Hours15
Spring
Upper Division Elective 6
General Education Requirement / Elective 9
 Hours15
Senior
Autumn
GEO 428 Field Methods: Earth, Water, and Climate Science 3
Upper Division Elective 3
Upper Division Experiential Learning 3
General Education Requirement / Elective 6
 Hours15
Spring
Upper Division Elective 3
General Education Requirement / Elective 12
 Hours15
 Total Hours121

Last updated Autumn 2024