Preamble

The University of Montana-Missoula's General Education Program provides a broad academic base that supports both undergraduate learning at the University of Montana-Missoula and continued learning following graduation. While the General Education Program offers students considerable flexibility in selecting courses, it has a set of common educational objectives for all students.

In accordance with the mission of the University of Montana-Missoula, these objectives are to develop competent and humane individuals who are informed, ethical, literate, and engaged citizens of local and global communities. Students should become acquainted with issues facing contemporary society, participate in the creative arts, develop an understanding of science and technology, cultivate an appreciation of the humanities, and examine the history of different American and global cultures. Upon completion of the general education requirements students should be able to articulate ideas orally and in writing, understand and critically evaluate tangible and abstract concepts, and employ mathematical and other related skills appropriate to a technologically focused society.

In summary, the General Education Program is designed to provide a high quality intellectual foundation that accommodates all UM students whether in liberal arts or professional programs. This foundation will be reinforced, expanded, and refined as students continue through their course of study. Students are encouraged to prepare for productive roles in their chosen fields by cultivating civic awareness vital to the greater community and a democratic society. The acquired skills will allow students to examine critically the human experience and achieve genuine confidence in their knowledge and abilities. For the General Education Program to accomplish its goals, students must assume primary responsibility for their growth and education.

Overview

To earn a baccalaureate degree, all students must complete successfully, in addition to any other requirements, the following General Education Requirements (GERs). Students who have completed an approved lower-division general education program at an approved Montana institution of higher education should refer to the catalog section on General Education for Transfer Students.

All General Education courses must be at least 3 credits, must be introductory and foundational, and have no more than one pre-requisite. The General Education Committee may allow exceptions for upper-division courses, courses fewer than three credits, and for courses with more than one prerequisite if the proposing unit can justify such an exception.

Some courses may satisfy both the Writing Across the Curriculum requirement (1.2) and one of the Groups IV through XI. Some courses may satisfy both Group IX and one of the Groups IV through VIII. Some courses may satisfy both Group X and one of the Groups IV through VIII. 

Many of the general education courses listed below require prerequisites be met before registration. Prerequisites are listed in individual course descriptions.

NOTE: All courses taken to satisfy General Education Requirements must be taken for a traditional letter grade and must be passed with a grade of C- or better.

Students are cautioned that approved courses may change from year to year. To be used for General Education credit, a course must be listed as approved in the Class Schedule for the semester a student registers for it.

Group Letter and Description

Group Letter and Description	Credits
Group I: English Writing Skills
1. Introductory Writing (WRIT 101 or 201 or an equivalent)	3
2. Writing Across the Curriculum	3
3. Writing in the Disciplines (as specified by major department)	3
Group II: Mathematics	3
Group III: Modern and Classical Languages - successful completion of a second semester language (test out provisions apply). Some majors have been granted exceptions to the Modern and Classical Language requirement. The majors are listed below.	0-11
Group IV: Expressive Arts	3
Group V: Literary and Artistic Studies	3
Group VI: Historical Studies	3
Group VII: Social Sciences	3
Group VIII: Ethics and Human Values	3
Group IX: Democracy and Citizenship	3
Group X: Cultural & International Diversity	3
Group XI: Natural Sciences - One Natural Science course must include a laboratory experience.	6

¹

Some courses satisfy more than one group. See the list in the next section.

Courses that Satisfy More than One Group

The following courses satisfy more than one general education group.

Title	General Education Groups
AAST 141H Black: From Africa to Hip-Hop	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 101H Anthropology the Human Experience	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 102H Intro to South S. East Asia	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 103H Intro Latin American Studies	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 122S Race and Minorities	Social Sciences, Democracy and Citizenship
ANTY 141H The Silk Road	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 213N Biological Anthropology Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
ANTY 220S Culture Society	Social Sciences, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 241H Central Asian Culture and Civilization	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 254X Archaeological Wonders of the World	Writing Across the Curriculum, Cultural International Diversity
ANTY 351H Archaeology of North America	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ARTH 150H Introduction to Art History	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ARTH 250L Introduction to Art Criticism	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
ASTR 134N Planetary Astronomy Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
ASTR 135N Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
ASTR 142N The Evolving Universe	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOB 101N Discover Biology	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOB 109N Montana Ecosystems	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOB 161N Principles of Living Systems Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOB 171N Principles of Biological Diversity Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOB 210N Communicating Biology	Natural Science, Writing Across the Curriculum
BIOB 226N General Science: Chemical Life Sciences	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOH 105N Basic Human Biology Laboratory	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOH 201N Human Anatomy Physiology I	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOH 202N Human Anatomy and Physiology I Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOH 211N Human Anatomy and Physiology II	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOH 212N Human Anatomy and Physiology II Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
BIOO 105N Introduction to Botany	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
CHMY 142N College Chemistry I Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
CHMY 144N College Chemistry II Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
CLAS 180H Environment Nature in Classical World	Historical Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
CLAS 251L The Epic	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
CLAS 252L Greek Drama: Politics on Stage	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
COMX 140L Introduction to Visual Rhetoric	Literary Artistic Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
CSCI 215E Social Ethical Issues in CS	Ethical Human Values, Writing Across the Curriculum
CSCI 315E Computers, Ethics, and Society	Ethical Human Values, Writing in the Disciplines
DANC 360L World Dance	Literary Artistic Studies, Cultural International Diversity
ENST 225S Sustainable Communities	Social Sciences, Democracy and Citizenship
ENST 231H Nature and Society	Historical Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
ENST 335L Literature of the Earth	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
ERTH 103N Earth Systems Science Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
FORS 241N Dendrology	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
GEO 102N Introduction to Physical Geology Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
GEO 224N General Science: Physics Geoscience	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
GH 151L Introduction to Western Humanities: Antiquity	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
GPHY 112N Intro to Physical Geography Laboratory: Climate, Landforms, and Vegetation Lab	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
GPHY 121S Human Geography	Social Sciences, Cultural International Diversity
GPHY 141S Geography of World Regions	Social Sciences, Cultural International Diversity
GRMN 351H German Culture: Beginnings to Romanticism	Historical Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
GRMN 352H Germ Culture: Romanticism to the Present	Historical Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
HONR 121L Ways of Knowing	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
HONR 122E Ways of Knowing II	Ethical Human Values, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTA 101H American History I	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTA 102H American History II	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTA 103H Honors American History I	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTA 104H Honors American History II	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTA 150H The Veteran's Experience	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTA 201E History of American Democracy	Ethical Human Values, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTR 101H Western Civilization I	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTR 102H Western Civilization II	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTR 103H Honors Western Civilization I	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTR 104H Honors Western Civilization II	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
HSTR 210E History of the Bible	Ethical Human Values, Literary Artistic Studies
HSTR 211L Early Christianity	Ethical Human Values, Literary Artistic Studies
HSTR 230H Colonial Latin America	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
HSTR 231H Modern Latin America	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
HSTR 240H East Asian Civilizations	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
JPNS 150H Japanese Culture Civilization	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
JPNS 312L Jpns Lit Medieval to Mod	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
JRNL 100H Journalism and American Society	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
LING 375X Linguistic Ecology and Language Endangerment	Writing Across the Curriculum, Cultural International Diversity
LIT 110L Introduction to Literature	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
LIT 120L Poetry	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
LIT 236L Literary Histories	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
LIT 246L Genres, Themes, Approaches	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
LIT 314L The American Novel	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
LIT 327L Shakespeare	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
LIT 342L Montana Writers	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
LIT 353L Milton	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing in the Disciplines
MUSI 132L History of Rock Roll	Historical Studies, Literary Artistic Studies
MUSI 301H Music History I	Historical Studies, Democracy and Citizenship
MUSI 302H Music History II	Historical Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum, Democracy and Citizenship
NASX 105H Introduction to Native American Studies	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
NASX 235X Oral and Written Traditions of Native Americans	Literary Artistic Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum, Cultural International Diversity
NASX 304E Native American Beliefs and Philosophy	Ethical Human Values, Cultural International Diversity
NRSM 210N Soils, Water and Climate	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
NRSM 212N Ecology, Physics and Taxonomy of Soils	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
PHL 114E Intro to Political Ethics	Ethical Human Values, Democracy and Citizenship
PHL 210E Moral Philosophy	Ethical Human Values, Writing Across the Curriculum
PHL 241N Hist Philosophy of Science	Historical Studies, Natural Science
PHL 317E Law and Morality	Ethical Human Values, Democracy and Citizenship
PHL 319E Law and Discrimination	Ethical Human Values, Cultural International Diversity, Democracy and Citizenship
PHSX 206N College Physics I Laboratory	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
PHSX 208N College Physics II Laboratory	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
PHSX 216N Physics Laboratory I with Calculus	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
PHSX 218N Physics Laboratory II with Calculus	Natural Science Lab Course, Natural Science
PSCI 210S Intro to American Government	Social Sciences, Democracy and Citizenship
PSCI 220S Intro to Comparative Government	Social Sciences, Democracy and Citizenship
PUBH 475E Public Health Ethics	Ethical Human Values, Writing in the Disciplines
RUSS 105Y Intro to Russian Culture	Cultural International Diversity, Democracy and Citizenship
SOCI 220S Race, Gender Class	Social Sciences, Democracy and Citizenship
SSEA 202X Introduction to India	Historical Studies, Cultural International Diversity
THTR 330H Theatre History I	Historical Studies, Writing Across the Curriculum
WRIT 201 College Writing II	Writing Across the Curriculum, Introductory Writing

Group I: English Writing Skills

Students must satisfy the following three requirements:

1. Introductory College Writing
2. Writing Across the Curriculum
3. Writing in the Disciplines

Introductory College Writing

Students must complete WRIT 101, WRIT 201, or an equivalent composition course with a grade of C- or better. Students with Language and Composition AP scores of 4 or better are exempted from this requirement.

Entering students who are placed into WRIT 095, based on their standardized test scores, must successfully complete WRIT 095 prior to enrolling in WRIT 101 or WRIT 201 or enroll in a section of WRIT 101 with co-requisite support. Students may challenge their placement with specific scores from the University Writing Assessment. Entering students who place into WRIT 201 may choose to take WRIT 101 instead.

Writing Across the Curriculum and Writing in the Disciplines

To fulfill the General Education requirements for college writing students must pass one Writing Across the Curriculum course with a grade of C- or better and also one Writing in the Disciplines course with a grade of C- or better (in this order, if possible).

Upon completing the Writing Across the Curriculum course, students should be able to demonstrate the following learning outcomes:

• Use writing to learn and synthesize new concepts.
• Formulate and express written opinions and ideas that are developed, logical, and organized.
• Compose written documents that are appropriate for a given audience, purpose, and context.
• Revise written work based on comments from the instructor.
• Find, evaluate, and use information effectively and ethically.

Students may not use the same writing course to meet both the Writing Across the Curriculum and the Writing in the Disciplines requirements. The courses satisfying the Writing in the Disciplines requirement differ according to the student's major.

Upon completing the Writing in the Disciplines requirement, students should be able to demonstrate the following learning outcomes:

• Identify and pursue sophisticated questions for academic inquiry.
• Find, evaluate, analyze, and synthesize information effectively from diverse sources.
• Manage multiple perspectives as appropriate.
• Recognize the purposes and needs of discipline-specific audiences and adopt the academic voice necessary for the chosen discipline.
• Use multiple drafts, revision, and editing in conducting inquiry and preparing written work.
• Follow the conventions of citation, documentation, and formal presentation that are appropriate to the discipline.
• Develop competence in information technology and digital literacy.

Students should examine the course catalog for the specific courses that fulfill the writing requirements and consult with their advisor. The courses satisfying either the Writing Across the Curriculum or the Writing in the Disciplines requirements are listed in separate tables below.

Writing Across the Curriculum Courses

The following courses are designated as Writing Across the Curriculum courses for this catalog year. Students are cautioned that courses may change from year to year. To be used to fulfill the General Education Requirement, a course must be listed as a Writing Across the Curriculum course in the catalog and in the class schedule for the semester a student registers for it.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ANTY 254X	Archaeological Wonders of the World	3
ANTY 310	Human Variation	3
ARTH 250L	Introduction to Art Criticism	3
BIOB 210N	Communicating Biology	3
CLAS 180H	Environment & Nature in Classical World	3
CLAS 251L	The Epic	3
CLAS 252L	Greek Drama: Politics on Stage	3
CSCI 215E	Social & Ethical Issues in CS	3
CSD 301	Foundations of Scientific Writing	3
ENST 201	Environmental Info Resources	3
ENST 231H	Nature and Society	3
FILM 320	Shakespeare and Film	3
GH 151L	Introduction to Western Humanities: Antiquity	3
GH 152	Introduction to the Humanities Medieval to Modern	3
HONR 121L	Ways of Knowing	3
HSTA 315	Early American Republic	3
HSTA 326	Digital Worlds of Early America	3
HSTA 347	Voodoo, Muslim, Church: Black Religion	3
HSTA 373	The History of American Thought to 1865	3
HSTA 385	Families & Children in America	3
HSTR 300	Writing For History	3
HSTR 334	Latin America: Reform & Revolution	3
HSTR 401	The Great Historians	3
IRSH 380	Topics in Irish Studies	3
IRSH 381	Contemporary Irish Women's Writing	3
IRSH 382	Rockin' Rebels: Popular Irish Music from Traditional to Punk	3
JRNL 270	Reporting the News	3
LING 375X	Linguistic Ecology and Language Endangerment	3
LIT 110L	Introduction to Literature	3
LIT 120L	Poetry	3
LIT 236L	Literary Histories	3
LIT 246L	Genres, Themes, Approaches	3
MART 300	Visions of Film	3
MUSI 302H	Music History II	3
NASX 235X	Oral and Written Traditions of Native Americans	3
NASX 280	NA Studies Research Theories and Methods	3
PHL 210E	Moral Philosophy	3
SOCI 306	Sociology of Work	3
THTR 330H	Theatre History I	3
WRIT 121	Introduction to Technical Writing	3
WRIT 201	College Writing II	3
WRIT 203	Beyond the Bar: Rhetorics of Pub/Public Culture	3
WRIT 206	Mouse Rhetorics: Writing and Reading Disney	3
WRIT 325	Science Writing	3

Writing in the Disciplines Courses

The following courses are designated as Writing in the Disciplines courses for this catalog year. Students should consult with their advisor regarding the requirement specified by their major.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ANTY 430	Social Anthropology	3
ANTY 431	Ethnographic Field Methods	3
ANTY 450	Archaeological Theory	3
ANTY 455	Artifact Analysis	3
ARTH 350	Contemporary Art and Art Criticism	3
BGEN 499	Strategic Management	3
BIOH 462	Principles of Medical Physiology	3
BIOM 420	Host-Microbe Interactions	3
CLAS 399	Capstone	3
COMX 347	Rhetoric, Nature, and Environmentalism	3
COMX 414	Communication in Personal Relationships	3
COMX 421	Communication in Nonprofit Organizations	3
COMX 422	Communication and Technology	3
COMX 424	Risk, Crisis, and Communication	3
COMX 445	Rhetorical Criticism and Theory	3
COMX 447	Rhetorical Construction of Women	3
COMX 486	Health & Family Communication	3
CSCI 315E	Computers, Ethics, and Society	3
CSCI 499	Senior Thesis/Capstone	1-6
CSD 430	Senior Capstone	3
DANC 494	Junior/Senior Seminar	3
ECNS 481	Communicating Economics	3
ECNS 499	Senior Thesis/Capstone	2
EDU 339	Teaching Assessment in PK-8 Language Arts	3
ENST 335L	Literature of the Earth	3
ENST 367	Environmental Politics & Policies	3
ENST 382	Environmental Law	3
ENST 487	Globalization, Justice & Environment	3
ERTH 406	Global Water Crises	3
GEO 499	Senior Thesis /Capstone	3-10
GPHY 335	Water and Sustainability	3
GPHY 433	Community Resilience	3
GPHY 499	Senior Thesis	3
GRMN 351H	German Culture: Beginnings to Romanticism	3
GRMN 352H	Germ Culture: Romanticism to the Present	3
HEE 301	Methods of Secondary HE	3
HSTA 405	Public Problems & United States Democracy	3
HSTA 415	The Black Radical Tradition	3
HSTA 417	Prayer & Civil Rights	3
HSTA 427	Freedom, Slavery, Equality: Early American Perspectives	3
HSTA 461	Research in Montana History	3
HSTA 463	Research in 19th-20th Century Native American History	3
HSTA 471	Writing Women's Lives	3
HSTR 400	Historical Research Seminar	3
HSTR 437	US-Latin America Relations	3
JPNS 312L	Jpns Lit Medieval to Mod	3
JRNL 340	Intermediate Audio	3
JRNL 352	Intermediate Video Reporting and Producing	3
JRNL 362	Feature Writing	3
JRNL 370	Beat Reporting	3
KIN 447	Analytical & Communicative Techniques	3
LING 473	Language and Culture	3
LING 484	North American Indigenous Language & Linguistics	3
LIT 300	Literary Criticism	3
LIT 304	U.S. Writers of Color	3
LIT 314L	The American Novel	3
LIT 327L	Shakespeare	3
LIT 342L	Montana Writers	3
LIT 343	African American Literature	3
LIT 353L	Milton	3
LIT 376	Literature & Other Disciplines	3
LIT 494	Seminar: Literature Capstone	3
M 429	History of Mathematics	3
M 499	Senior Thesis	1-12
MART 450	Topics in Film & Media Studies	3
MUSI 415	Music 20th Century to Present	3
MUSI 416	Topics in Music History	3
MUSI 417	Cultural Studies in Music	3
NASX 494	Seminar/Workshop	3
NEUR 458	Neuroscience Research Techniques Lab	4
NRSM 465	Foundations of Restoration Ecology	3
PHAR 350	Introduction to Drug Information	1
PHAR 550	Drug Literature Eval	2
PHL 400	Advanced Writing in Philosophy	1
PHSX 330	Communicating Physics	3
PSCI 400	Advanced Writing in Political Science	1
PSYX 320	Advanced Psychological Research Methods	3
PSYX 400	History & System in Psychology	3
PTRM 451	Tourism & Sustainability	3
PTRM 482	Wilderness & Protected Area Management	3
PUBH 475E	Public Health Ethics	3
RUSS 494	Seminar in Russian Studies	1-3
S W 300	Human Behavior & Social Environment	3
SOCI 380	Sociology of Health & Medicine	3
SOCI 425	Victims and Society	3
SOCI 438	Seminar in Crime & Deviance	3
SOCI 441	Capstone: Inequality and Social Justice	3
SOCI 469	Homicide	3
SOCI 488	Writing for Sociology	3
SPNS 315	Topics in Hispanic Culture	3
THTR 331	Theatre History II	3
WGSS 363	Feminist and Queer Theories and Methods	3

Group II: Mathematics

Mathematical literacy implies an appreciation of the beauty of mathematics, an ability to apply mathematical reasoning, and an understanding of how mathematics and statistics are used in many arenas. Mathematical literacy may be attained through the study of the properties of numbers, mathematical modeling, geometry, data analysis and probability, with the overarching goal of learning mathematical reasoning and problem solving.

Mathematical literacy cannot be achieved in a single course. However, for the purposes of general education, the mathematical literacy requirement can be met by any one of the following:

1. achieving a grade of C- or better in one of the following courses which address different aspects of mathematical literacy:

   Course List

   Code	Title	Hours
   M 104	Numbers as News	3
   M 105	Contemporary Mathematics	3-4
   M 115	Probability and Linear Mathematics	3-4
   M 118	Mathematics for Music Enthusiasts	3
   M 121	College Algebra	3,4
   M 122	College Trigonometry	3
   M 132	Numbers and Operations for Elementary School Teachers	3
   M 151	Precalculus	4
   M 162	Applied Calculus	4
   M 171	Calculus I	4
   M 181	Honors Calculus I	4
   STAT 216	Introduction to Statistics	4
   or a mathematics course of 3 or more credits for which one of these is a prerequisite.

2. Achieving a score of 50 or better on the CLEP College Algebra Test, the CLEP College Precalculus Test, or the CLEP College Mathematics Test.

3. Passing the Mathematical Literacy Examination administered by the Department of Mathematical Sciences. To qualify to take the Mathematical Literacy Examination, a student must have achieved a score of 630 or better on the SAT Math exam or a score of 28 or better on the ACT Math exam. A student may take the Mathematical Literacy Examination only once. Further details are available from the Department of Mathematical Sciences.

Students must complete the mathematical literacy requirement by the time they have earned 30 credits; if not, they must register for a mathematical sciences course every semester until they have completed the requirement. Because many other courses at the university assume some mathematical literacy, it is strongly recommended that all students complete their mathematical literacy requirement as soon as possible.

Upon completion of the mathematical literacy requirement, a student will be able to effectively apply mathematical or statistical reasoning to a variety of applied or theoretical problems.

Group III: Modern and Classical Languages

The study of language is a core component of a liberal arts education. Students must complete the first-year sequence of a language or demonstrate comparable proficiency to fulfill the General Education language requirement (test-out provisions apply).

The language requirement can be met in any of the following ways:

1. by achieving a C- or better in a second-semester language course offered at the University of Montana (see list of courses below);

2. by achieving a grade of C- or better in a language course numbered 201 or above at the University of Montana (see list of courses below);

3. by presenting a transcript record of completion with a grade of C- or better of a second- semester (or more advanced) language course at an accredited college or university;

4. by achieving an appropriate score on a placement exam administered by the offering department;

5. by receiving verification of an appropriate level of proficiency in any other natural language in collaboration with the department of World Languages and Cultures. Note that the student's native language, if it is not English, can be used to fulfill this requirement.

Upon completion of the Modern and Classical Languages requirement, the student will have a basic functional knowledge of a second natural language sufficient to:

• read and write if the language is classical, such as Latin or classical Greek;
• speak and aurally comprehend, if the language does not have a written tradition, such as Salish;
• perform all four skills (speaking, aural comprehension, reading, and writing) if the language is modern and has a written tradition, such as Japanese or French;
• demonstrate both receptive (visual comprehension) and expressive (manual production) proficiency if the language is American Sign Language.

The courses listed below require prerequisites be met before registration. The prerequisites for the following courses are listed in the individual course descriptions.

Course List

Code	Title	Hours
ARABIC
Complete one of the following:
ARAB 102	Elementary Modern Standard Arabic II
ARAB 201	Intermediate Modern Standard Arabic I
ARAB 202	Intermediate Modern Standard Arabic II
ARAB 301	Advanced Modern Standard Arabic I
ARAB 302	Advanced Modern Standard Arabic II
CHINESE
Complete one of the following:
CHIN 102	Elementary Chinese II
CHIN 201	Intermediate Chinese I
CHIN 202	Intermediate Chinese II
CHIN 301	Advanced Chinese I
FRENCH
Complete one of the following:
FRCH 102	Elementary French II
FRCH 201	Intermediate French I
FRCH 202	Intermediate French II
FRCH 301	Advanced Grammar/Oral and Written Expression
GERMAN
Complete one of the following:
GRMN 102	Elementary German II
GRMN 201	Intermediate German I
GRMN 202	Intermediate German II
GRMN 301	Studies in German Language, Media, and Culture I
GRMN 302	Studies in German Language, Media, and Culture II
GREEK
Complete one of the following:
GRK 102	Elementary Greek II
GRK 201	Intermediate Greek I
GRK 202	Intermediate Greek II
IRISH
Complete one of the following:
IRSH 102	Elementary Irish II
IRSH 201	Intermediate Irish I
IRSH 202	Intermediate Irish II
ITALIAN
Complete one of the following:
ITLN 102	Elementary Italian II
JAPANESE
Complete one of the following:
JPNS 102	Elementary Japanese II
JPNS 201	Intermediate Japanese I
JPNS 202	Intermediate Japanese II
JPNS 301	Advanced Japanese
JPNS 302	Advanced Japanese
LATIN
Complete one of the following:
LATN 102	Elementary Latin II
LATN 201	Intermediate Latin I
LATN 202	Intermediate Latin II
BLACKFOOT
NASX 142	Elementary Blackfoot II
RUSSIAN
Complete one of the following:
RUSS 102	Elementary Russian II
RUSS 201	Intermediate Russian I
RUSS 202	Intermediate Russian II
RUSS 301	Russian: Oral & Written Expression I
RUSS 302	Russian: Oral and Written Expression II
AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE
SIGN 201	Intermediate American Sign Language
SPANISH
Complete one of the following:
SPNS 102	Elementary Spanish II
SPNS 201	Intermediate Spanish I
SPNS 202	Intermediate Spanish II
SPNS 301	Spanish: Oral and Written Expression

• Students may satisfy the requirement by demonstrating equivalent skill in any of these or other languages in testing administered by the Department of World Languages and Cultures.

• International students from non-English-speaking countries may satisfy this requirement by presenting a TOEFL score of 580 or greater.

Exceptions to the Modern and Classical Language Requirement

The extended majors listed below have been granted exceptions to the Modern and Classical Language requirement. Students graduating in any one of these majors are not required to complete the Modern and Classical Language requirement. Students graduating with an Associate of Arts degree have also been granted an exception to the Group III requirements. Missoula College students who continue to Mountain Campus without graduating will need to complete Group III unless their declared four-year major has been granted an exception.

• Accounting
• Art (Bachelor of Fine Arts only; BA students must complete the language requirement)
• Bachelor of Applied Arts and Sciences
• Biochemistry
• Biology
• Business Management
• Chemistry
• Computer Science
• Computational Biochemistry
• Cybersecurity
• Early Childhood Education
• Elementary Education
• Environmental Science and Sustainability
• Finance
• Forestry
• Game Design and Interactive Media
• Geosciences
• Integrative Physiology
• Management Information Systems
• Marketing
• Mathematics
• Mathematics/Computer Science and Computer Science/Mathematics combined majors
• Media Arts (Bachelor of Fine Arts only; BA students must complete the language requirement),
• Medical Laboratory Science
• Microbiology
• Music
• Neuroscience
• Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Parks, Tourism and Recreation Management
• Physics
• Theatre (Bachelor of Fine Arts only; BA students must complete the language requirement)
• Wildlife Biology

Group IV: Expressive Arts 

Expressive Arts courses are activity-based and emphasize the value of learning by doing in an artistic context. Upon completion of an Expressive Arts course, students will be able to express themselves in the making of an original work or creative performance; understand the genres and/or forms that have shaped the medium; and critique the quality of their own work and that of others.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ARTZ 105A	Visual Language - Drawing	3
ARTZ 108A	Visual Language - 3-D Foundations	3
ARTZ 131A	Ceramics for Non-majors	3
ARTZ 211A	Drawing I	3
ARTZ 221A	Painting I	3
ARTZ 231A	Ceramics I	3
ARTZ 251A	Sculpture I	3
ARTZ 271A	Printmaking I	3
ARTZ 284A	Photo I-Technologies and Processes	3
ARTZ 302A	Foundations of Visual Art Education	2-3
ARTZ 314A	Environmental Drawing	1-6
COMX 111A	Introduction to Public Speaking	3
CRWR 210A	Introductory Fiction Workshop	3
CRWR 211A	Introductory Poetry Workshop	3
CRWR 212A	Introductory Nonfiction Workshop	3
CRWR 240A	Introduction to Creative Writing Workshop	3
CRWR 312A	Intermediate Nonfiction Workshop	3
DANC 100A	Introduction to Modern Dance	3
DANC 108A	Dance Forms	1-8
DANC 110A	Introduction to Ballet	3
DANC 115A	Introduction to Jazz Dance	3
DANC 129A	Dance Performance Lab I	1
DANC 130A	Introduction to Dance	3
DANC 160A	Dance Forms: Irish	2
DANC 165A	Dance Forms: African	3
DANC 200A	Contemporary Modern II	2
DANC 210A	Ballet II	2
DANC 215A	Jazz Dance II	2
DANC 229A	Dance Performance Lab II	1
DDSN 113A	Technical Drafting	3
ENST 373A	Writing the Earth: Workshop on Nature, Environment & Justice	3
GDSN 149A	Digital Imaging I	3
JRNL 140A	Intro Radio/Audio Storytelling	3
JRNL 257A	Beginning Video and Photojournalism	3
MART 112A	Introduction to Film Editing	3
MART 245	Sound Production & Design Fundamentals	3
MUSI 102A	Performance Study	1-2
MUSI 104A	Music Fundamentals	3
MUSI 108A	Orchestra: UMSO	1
MUSI 110A	Opera Theatre I	1
MUSI 111A	Group Voice Class	2
MUSI 112A	Choir	1
MUSI 114A	Band: UM Concert Band	1
MUSI 122A	Percussion Ensemble: UM	1
MUSI 123A	World Percussion Ensemble	1
MUSI 131A	Jazz Ensemble I: UM Jazz Bands	1
MUSI 135A	Keyboard Skills I	1
MUSI 136A	Keyboard Skills II	1
MUSI 155A	Marching: Grizzly Marching Band	1
MUSI 160A	Beginning Guitar	2
MUSI 162A	Chamber Ensembles I	1
MUSI 267A	Composer's Workshop	1
MUSI 304A	Sound in the Natural World	3
THTR 102A	Introduction to Theatre Design	3
THTR 107A	Theatre Production I: Construction Crew	3
THTR 113A	Introduction to Voice Acting	3
THTR 120A	Introduction to Acting I	3
THTR 239A	Creative Drama/Dance: K-8	2

Group V: Literary and Artistic Studies 

In these courses, students develop familiarity with significant works of artistic representation, including literature, music, visual art, and/or performing arts. Through this experience, students enhance their analytical skills and explore the historical, aesthetic, philosophical, and cultural features of these works.

Upon completion of a Literary and Artistic Studies course, students will be able to:

1. analyze works of art with respect to structure and significance within literary and artistic traditions, including emergent movements and forms; and

2. develop coherent arguments that critique these works from a variety of approaches, such as historical, aesthetic, cultural, psychological, political, and philosophical.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ARTH 250L	Introduction to Art Criticism	3
CHIN 313L	Chinese Poetry in Translation	3
CLAS 160L	Classical Mythology	3
CLAS 251L	The Epic	3
CLAS 252L	Greek Drama: Politics on Stage	3
COMX 140L	Introduction to Visual Rhetoric	3
CRWR 115L	Montana Writers Live	3
DANC 234L	Dance in Popular Movies	3
DANC 360L	World Dance	3
ENST 335L	Literature of the Earth	3
FILM 103L	Introduction to Film	3
FRCH 338	The French Cinema	3
GH 151L	Introduction to Western Humanities: Antiquity	3
GH 161L	Asian Humanities	3
GRMN 317L	Introduction to Multicultural Literature in Contemporary Germany	3
GRMN 322L	Survey of German Cinema	3
GRMN 340L	Nature and the Environment in German Literature and Film	3
HONR 121L	Ways of Knowing	3
HSTR 210E	History of the Bible	3
HSTR 211L	Early Christianity	3
IRSH 345L	Literature in the Irish Lang	3
JPNS 312L	Jpns Lit Medieval to Mod	3
JRNL 383L	Hollywood and the War Correspondent	3
LIT 110L	Introduction to Literature	3
LIT 120L	Poetry	3
LIT 236L	Literary Histories	3
LIT 246L	Genres, Themes, Approaches	3
LIT 280L	Ecology of Literature	3
LIT 314L	The American Novel	3
LIT 327L	Shakespeare	3
LIT 337L	Gender & Sexuality in English Fiction	3
LIT 342L	Montana Writers	3
LIT 350L	Chaucer	3
LIT 353L	Milton	3
MART 101L	Intro to Media Arts	3
MUSI 101L	Enjoyment of Music	3
MUSI 130L	History of Jazz	3
MUSI 132L	History of Rock & Roll	3
MUSI 202L	Intro to Music Literature	3
NASX 235X	Oral and Written Traditions of Native Americans	3
NASX 239L	Native North American History & Art	3
PHL 101L	Introduction to Philosophy	3
PHL 102L	Introduction to Existentialism	3
PHL 327L	Aesthetics and the Arts	3
RUSS 306L	Evil and the Supernatural in Russian Literature	3
RUSS 307L	Beauty, Power and Pride in Russian Literature	3
THTR 101L	Introduction to Theatre	3
THTR 235L	Dramatic Literature	3
WGSS 163L	Historical and Literary Perspectives in Gender and Sexuality	3

Group VI: Historical Studies

The primary purpose of courses in this perspective is to explore the historical contexts and narratives of human behavior, ideas, institutions, and societies through an analysis of their patterns of development or differentiation in the past. These courses are wide-ranging in chronological, geographical, or topical focus.  They introduce students to methods of inquiry that enable them to understand and evaluate the causes and significance of events, texts, or artifacts.

Upon completion of a course in this group, a student will be able to:

1. Critically analyze and evaluate primary sources – such as texts, pictorial evidence, oral histories, music, and artifacts- within their respective historical contexts.
2. Synthesize ideas and information in order to understand the problems, causes, and consequences of historical developments and events.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
AAST 141H	Black: From Africa to Hip-Hop	3
AAST 208H	Africa: From Ancient Egypt to Apartheids Origin	3
ANTY 101H	Anthropology & the Human Experience	3
ANTY 102H	Intro to South & S. East Asia	3
ANTY 103H	Intro Latin American Studies	3
ANTY 141H	The Silk Road	3
ANTY 241H	Central Asian Culture and Civilization	3
ANTY 351H	Archaeology of North America	3
ANTY 354H	Mesoamerican Prehistory	3
ARTH 150H	Introduction to Art History	3
ARTH 201H	Art of World Civilization: 1400 to Present	3
ARTH 333H	Architectural History I	3
ARTH 334H	Architectural History II	3
CLAS 180H	Environment & Nature in Classical World	3
CLAS 360H	Ancient Greek Civilization and Culture	3
COMX 240H	Introduction to Rhetorical Theory	3
ENST 230H	Nature and Society	3
ENST 231H	Nature and Society	3
FILM 300	History of Film	3
GRMN 106H	Introduction to German Culture and Civilization	3
GRMN 351H	German Culture: Beginnings to Romanticism	3
GRMN 352H	Germ Culture: Romanticism to the Present	3
HSTA 101H	American History I	4
HSTA 102H	American History II	4
HSTA 103H	Honors American History I	4
HSTA 104H	Honors American History II	4
HSTA 150H	The Veteran's Experience	3
HSTA 275	Making History Public	3
HSTA 285H	Sex in America: Gender and Sexuality in U.S. History	3
HSTA 342H	African American History to 1865	3
HSTA 343H	African American History Since 1865	3
HSTA 370H	Women in America: Colonial Period to Civil War	3
HSTA 371H	Women in America: From the Civil War to the Present	3
HSTR 101H	Western Civilization I	4
HSTR 102H	Western Civilization II	4
HSTR 103H	Honors Western Civilization I	4
HSTR 104H	Honors Western Civilization II	4
HSTR 221H	God- Past, Puzzle, Present	3
HSTR 230H	Colonial Latin America	3
HSTR 231H	Modern Latin America	3
HSTR 240H	East Asian Civilizations	3
HSTR 262H	Islamic Civilization: Classical Age	3
HSTR 264H	Islamic Civ: Modrn Era	3
HSTR 302H	Ancient Greece	3
HSTR 304H	Ancient Rome	3
JPNS 150H	Japanese Culture & Civilization	3
JRNL 100H	Journalism and American Society	3
MART 201H	History of Digital Arts & Culture	3
MUSI 132L	History of Rock & Roll	3
MUSI 301H	Music History I	3
MUSI 302H	Music History II	3
NASX 105H	Introduction to Native American Studies	3
PHL 241N	Hist & Philosophy of Science	3
SSEA 202X	Introduction to India	3
THTR 330H	Theatre History I	3

Group VII: Social Sciences

Social science courses describe and analyze human social organization and interaction, employing social data at a broad scale with statistical relevance, experimental data on individuals or groups, or qualitative data based on observation and discourse.

Upon completion of a Social Sciences course, students will be able to:

1. Describe the nature, structure, and historical development of human behavior, organizations, social phenomena, and/or relationships;
2. Use theory in explaining these individual, group, or social phenomena; and/or
3. Understand, assess, and evaluate how conclusions and generalizations are justified based on data.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ANTY 122S	Race and Minorities	3
ANTY 220S	Culture & Society	3
ANTY 250S	Intro to Archaeology	3
BFIN 205S	Personal Finance	3
BGEN 105S	Introduction to Business	3
BGEN 160S	Issues in Sustainability	3
BMGT 101S	Introduction to Entertainment Management	3
COMX 115S	Introduction to Interpersonal Communication	3
COMX 202S	Nonverbal Communication	3
COMX 219S	Survey of Children's Communication	3
COMX 220S	Introduction to Organizational Communication	3
COUN 242S	Intimate Relationships	3
ECNS 101S	Economic Way of Thinking	3
ECNS 201S	Principles of Microeconomics	3
ECNS 202S	Principles of Macroeconomics	3
ENST 225S	Sustainable Communities	3
ENST 489S	Environmental Justice Issues & Solutions	3
GPHY 121S	Human Geography	3
GPHY 141S	Geography of World Regions	3
GPHY 323S	Economic Geography of Rural Areas	3
LING 270S	Intro to Linguistics	3
NRSM 121S	Environmental Science and Sustainability	3
NRSM 370S	Wildland Conservation Policy/Governance	3
PSCI 210S	Intro to American Government	3
PSCI 220S	Intro to Comparative Government	3
PSYX 100S	Intro to Psychology	3
PTRM 210S	Nature Tourism & Commercial Recreation	3
PTRM 217S	Parks & Outdoor Recreation Management	3
PUBH 101S	Introduction to Public Health	3
S W 100S	Introduction to Social Welfare	3
SOCI 101S	Introduction to Sociology	3
SOCI 211S	Introduction to Criminology	3
SOCI 220S	Race, Gender & Class	3
SOCI 275S	Gender and Society	3
WGSS 263S	Social and Political Perspectives on Gender and Sexuality	3

Group VIII: Ethics and Human Values

Ethics and Human Values courses familiarize students with one or more traditions of ethical thought. These courses rigorously present the basic concepts and forms of reasoning that define and distinguish each tradition. The focus of these courses may be on one or more of these traditions, or on a concept such as justice or the good life as conceptualized within one or more of these traditions, or on a professional practice within a particular tradition.

Upon completion of an Ethics and Human Values course, students will be able to:

1. Correctly apply the basic concepts and forms of reasoning from the tradition or professional practice they studied to ethical issues that arise within those traditions or practices;
2. Analyze and critically evaluate the basic concepts and forms of reasoning from the tradition or professional practice they studied.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
AHMS 270E	Medical Ethics	3
ANTY 326E	Indigenous Peoples & the Ethics of Development	3
BGEN 220E	Business Ethics and Social Responsibility	3
CSCI 215E	Social & Ethical Issues in CS	3
CSCI 315E	Computers, Ethics, and Society	3
EDU 407E	Ethics & Policy Issues	3
ENST 320E	Earth Ethics	3
HONR 122E	Ways of Knowing II	3
HONR 320E	Art of Inquiry: Research and Capstone Seminar	3
HSTA 201E	History of American Democracy	4
HSTA 336E	America at War, 1898-Present	3
HSTR 210E	History of the Bible	3
HSTR 211L	Early Christianity	3
HSTR 272E	Terrorism: Violence in the Modern World	3
HTH 475E	Legal and Ethical Issues Health and Exercise Professions	3
LEG 184E	Legal Ethics	3
LIT 319E	Talking to God: Bhagavad Gita	3
NASX 303E	Ecological Perspectives in Native American Traditions	3
NASX 304E	Native American Beliefs and Philosophy	3
NRSM 349E	Climate Change Ethics and Policy	3
NRSM 389E	Ethics and Sustainability	3
PHAR 514E	Case Studies in Pharmaceutical Ethics	3
PHL 110E	Introduction to Ethics	3
PHL 112E	Intro Ethics and Environment	3
PHL 114E	Intro to Political Ethics	3
PHL 210E	Moral Philosophy	3
PHL 309E	The Art of Living	3
PHL 317E	Law and Morality	3
PHL 319E	Law and Discrimination	3
PHL 321E	Philosophy & Biomedical Ethics	3
PSCI 250E	Intro to Political Theory	3
PUBH 475E	Public Health Ethics	3
S W 410E	Social Work Ethics	3
SOCI 301E	Criminal Justice Ethics	3

Group IX: Democracy and Citizenship

These courses ground students in the ideas, institutions, and practices of democratic societies and their historical antecedents. Knowledge gained through courses in the Democracy and Citizenship perspective prepares students to understand the rights and responsibilities of engaged citizenship and to assess the characteristics, contributions, and contradictions of democratic systems.

Upon completion of a Democracy and Citizenship course, students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate informed and reasoned understanding of democratic ideas, institutions and practices, from historical and/or contemporary perspectives;
2. Analyze and evaluate the significance and complexities of engaged citizenship; and
3. Articulate the causes and consequences of key historical and/or contemporary struggles within democratic systems or their antecedents, including but not limited to those pertaining to issues of diversity, equity, and justice.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ANTY 122S	Race and Minorities	3
COMX 140L	Introduction to Visual Rhetoric	3
COMX 205Y	Deliberative Democracy	3
ENST 225S	Sustainable Communities	3
HONR 122E	Ways of Knowing II	3
HSTA 101H	American History I	4
HSTA 102H	American History II	4
HSTA 103H	Honors American History I	4
HSTA 104H	Honors American History II	4
HSTA 150H	The Veteran's Experience	3
HSTA 201E	History of American Democracy	4
HSTA 307Y	The American Revolution and Founding Era	3
HSTR 101H	Western Civilization I	4
HSTR 102H	Western Civilization II	4
HSTR 103H	Honors Western Civilization I	4
HSTR 104H	Honors Western Civilization II	4
JRNL 100H	Journalism and American Society	3
JRNL 102Y	Calling Bullshit	3
LSCI 210Y	Who Owns Culture? An Introduction to Copyright	3
MUSI 301H	Music History I	3
MUSI 302H	Music History II	3
NPAD 166Y	Introduction to Public Service	3
PHL 114E	Intro to Political Ethics	3
PHL 261Y	History of Ancient Philosophy	3
PHL 262Y	History of Modern Philosophy	3
PHL 317E	Law and Morality	3
PHL 319E	Law and Discrimination	3
PSCI 210S	Intro to American Government	3
PSCI 220S	Intro to Comparative Government	3
PSCI 352Y	American Political Thought	3
PTRM 141Y	National Parks and American Culture	3
RUSS 105Y	Intro to Russian Culture	3
SOCI 220S	Race, Gender & Class	3

Group X: Cultural & International Diversity

These courses foster an appreciation for diverse cultures, their histories and values, and their struggles both to maintain their ways of life and to gain equal positions in world spheres of power and change. This includes knowledge of diverse cultures in comparative and thematic frameworks. Knowledge gained through courses in the Cultural & International Diversity perspective prepares students to cultivate ways of thinking that foster an understanding of the complexities of indigenous or international cultures and global issues, past and present.

Upon completion of a course in this group, students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of the diverse ways humans structure their social, political, and cultural lives;
2. Interpret human activities, ideas, and institutions with reference to diverse cultural, historical and geo-political perspectives and physical environments; and
3. Recognize the complexities of inter-cultural and international communications and collaborative endeavors, and relate this to the complex challenges of the 21st century.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
AAST 141H	Black: From Africa to Hip-Hop	3
ANTY 101H	Anthropology & the Human Experience	3
ANTY 102H	Intro to South & S. East Asia	3
ANTY 103H	Intro Latin American Studies	3
ANTY 133X	Food and Culture	3
ANTY 141H	The Silk Road	3
ANTY 150X	Archaeology of Yellowstone: 11,000 Years of Native Americans in Yellowstone National Park	3
ANTY 220S	Culture & Society	3
ANTY 241H	Central Asian Culture and Civilization	3
ANTY 254X	Archaeological Wonders of the World	3
ANTY 323X	Native Peoples of Montana	3
ANTY 330X	Peoples and Cultures of World	3
ANTY 351H	Archaeology of North America	3
ANTY 352X	Archaeology of Montana	3
ANTY 406X	Contemporary Issues of Indigenous Peoples	3
ARAB 305	The Arab World	3
ARTH 150H	Introduction to Art History	3
CAS 140X	Addictions and Diversity	3
CCS 103X	Introduction to Climate Change: Science & Society	3
COMX 204X	International and Development Communication	3
COMX 212X	Introduction to Intercultural Communication	3
DANC 360L	World Dance	3
GPHY 121S	Human Geography	3
GPHY 141S	Geography of World Regions	3
HSTR 230H	Colonial Latin America	3
HSTR 231H	Modern Latin America	3
HSTR 240H	East Asian Civilizations	3
JPNS 150H	Japanese Culture & Civilization	3
JRNL 105X	Global Current Events	3
JRNL 301X	Diversity in Media	3
LING 375X	Linguistic Ecology and Language Endangerment	3
M 109	Indigenous Ways of Knowing in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics	3
MUSI 207X	World Music (equiv to 307)	3
NASX 105H	Introduction to Native American Studies	3
NASX 201X	Indian Culture Expressed Through Language	3
NASX 210X	Native American Sports & Games	3
NASX 231X	Indigenous World View Perspectives	3
NASX 235X	Oral and Written Traditions of Native Americans	3
NASX 260X	Indigenous Community Development	3
NASX 304E	Native American Beliefs and Philosophy	3
NASX 340X	Native American Literature	3
NASX 354X	Indians of Montana since the Reservation Era	3
PHL 319E	Law and Discrimination	3
PSCI 230X	Intro to International Relations	3
PTRM 345X	Sustaining Human Society & Natural Environment	3-6
RUSS 105Y	Intro to Russian Culture	3
SSEA 202X	Introduction to India	3

Group XI: Natural Sciences

These courses present scientific conclusions about the structure and function of the natural world, and demonstrate or exemplify scientific questioning and validation of findings.

Upon completion of a Natural Science course, a student will be able to:

1. understand the general principles associated with the discipline(s) studied;
2. understand the methodology and activities scientists use to gather, validate and interpret data related to natural processes;
3. detect patterns, draw conclusions, develop conjectures and hypotheses, and test them by appropriate means and experiments;
4. understand how scientific laws and theories are verified by quantitative measurement, scientific observation, and logical/critical reasoning;
5. and understand the means by which analytic uncertainty is quantified and expressed in the natural sciences.

To fulfill the Natural Sciences General Education Requirement, a student must complete at least one Natural Science designated course with a laboratory experience. 

Natural Science Courses Without a Laboratory Experience:

Course List

Code	Title	Hours
ANTY 210N	Introduction to Biological Anthropology	3
ASTR 131N	Planetary Astronomy	3
ASTR 132N	Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe	3
BIOB 109N	Montana Ecosystems	3
BIOB 170N	Principles of Biological Diversity	3
BIOB 210N	Communicating Biology	3
BIOB 226N	General Science: Chemical & Life Sciences	5
BIOE 172N	Introductory Ecology	3
BIOM 250N	Microbiology for Health Sciences	3
CAS 231N	Pharmacology and Addictions	3
CHMY 121N	Introduction to General Chemistry	4
CHMY 141N	College Chemistry I	4
CHMY 143N	College Chemistry II	4
CJUS 125N	Fundamentals of Forensic Science	3
CSD 221N	Fundamentals of Acoustics	3
ENSC 105N	Environmental Science	3
ERTH 101N	Earth Systems Science	3
ERTH 303N	Weather and Climate	3
GEO 101N	Introduction to Physical Geology	3
GEO 105N	Oceanography	3
GEO 107N	Natural Disasters	3
GPHY 111N	Intro to Physical Geography: Climate, Landforms, and Vegetation	3
GPHY 311N	Biogeography	3
NEUR 110N	Introduction to Brain Diseases	3
NRSM 271N	Conservation Ecology	3
NUTR 221N	Basic Human Nutrition	3
PHAR 110N	Use & Abuse of Drugs	3
PHL 241N	Hist & Philosophy of Science	3
PHSX 105N	Fundamentals of Physical Science	3
PHSX 141N	Einstein's Relativity	3
PHSX 205N	College Physics I	4
PHSX 207N	College Physics II	4
PHSX 215N	Fundamentals of Physics with Calculus I	4
PHSX 217N	Fundamentals of Physics with Calculus II	4
PSYX 250N	Fundamentals of Biological Psychology	3
WILD 105N	Wildlife & People	3

Natural Science Courses with a Laboratory Experience

Course List

Code	Title	Hours
ANTY 213N	Biological Anthropology Lab	1
ASTR 134N	Planetary Astronomy Lab	1
ASTR 135N	Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Lab	1
ASTR 142N	The Evolving Universe	4
BIOB 101N	Discover Biology	3
BIOB 109N	Montana Ecosystems	3
BIOB 161N	Principles of Living Systems Lab	1
BIOB 171N	Principles of Biological Diversity Lab	2
BIOB 226N	General Science: Chemical & Life Sciences	5
BIOH 105N	Basic Human Biology Laboratory	1
BIOH 201N	Human Anatomy & Physiology I	4
BIOH 211N	Human Anatomy and Physiology II	4
BIOO 105N	Introduction to Botany	3
CHMY 142N	College Chemistry I Lab	1
CHMY 144N	College Chemistry II Lab	1
ERTH 103N	Earth Systems Science Lab	1
FORS 241N	Dendrology	3
GEO 102N	Introduction to Physical Geology Lab	1
GPHY 112N	Intro to Physical Geography Laboratory: Climate, Landforms, and Vegetation Lab	1
NRSM 210N	Soils, Water and Climate	3
NRSM 212N	Ecology, Physics and Taxonomy of Soils	1
PHSX 206N	College Physics I Laboratory	1
PHSX 208N	College Physics II Laboratory	1
PHSX 216N	Physics Laboratory I with Calculus	1
PHSX 218N	Physics Laboratory II with Calculus	1